Bush Boake Allen Case Marketing Study

Bush Boake Allen Case Marketing Study Company Overview Bush Boake Allen Inc. is a company involved in the manufacture and distribution of fragrance and flavor chemicals and other aroma chemicals. Fragrances are used as primary raw materials for air fresheners, soaps, cleaners, toiletries, and detergents while aroma chemicals form major compounds in fragrances. Flavors and fragrances account for over 80% of the company’s total revenues. Major products from the company include spice extracts, seasonings, and oils that are essential in adding desired smell and tastes to different assortment of products. Bush Boake Allen Inc. supplies products primarily to pharmaceutical, beverage, food, and household product industries. Bush Boake Allen Inc. was incorporated in 1982 and listed in the New York Stock exchange. Situational Analysis Background to the Issue Bush Boake Allen, the fragrance and flavor, is involved in a situation that calls for the implementation of strategic options aimed at integrating customers into its product developmental process such as the flavor developmental process through an internet-based design framework. The increase customer participation in the flavor innovation initiative is heavily reliant on a half-million dollar machine. However, Julien Boyden, the Chief Executive Officer of Bush Boake Allen, could face dramatic changes both to the nature of the business operating model and as well, relationships with customers in all operating market segments. Equally worrying are serious oppositions faced by the CEO from other senior management officials from the company due the need to introduce the new project into the company’s operational activities. As such, Bush Boake Allen is faced with a situation owing to the several changes in its operating environment and other operating activities. Key Processes within the Company Bush Boake Allen success factors in the industry has been influenced by several factors that include trade secrets, production of a diverse range of flavors and fragrances, creativity in the art flavor innovation, committed workers, purchasing suppliers, corporate structure, and customer relationships and brands. The introduction of the internet-based technology in the flavor production process will most likely bring changes the operational activities within these processes. Trade Secrets Bush Boake Allen has been invisible in the development of scents in the extent that it could only be rivaled by its on innovations. Most of players within the industry not only depend on intellectual rights to their innovative initiatives but also the maintenance of their trade secrets. These factors have been critical in enabling management executives to make decisions promptly and address challenges depending on the needs of large-scale buyers. Bush Boake Allen’s trade secrets cover a range of operational and management processes. First, the decentralized structure is a key factor in the facilitation of the decision-making processes within the company. The structure also plays a significant in the management of the centralized financial control, despite the existence of regional autonomies. Information sharing is facilitated by a centralized computer system. Second, customers purchased flavors from a segment of selected suppliers and interrupted supply was achieved by obtain ing raw materials from diverse sources all over the world. Third, distribution of sales offices and open communication lines is another important point that ensured customers kept informed on matters related to flavor development. Finally, extensive research and development enabled Bush Boake Allen to remain ahead in new product development processes. Range of Flavors and Fragrances Dominance in the flavor and fragrance industry is dependent on a company’s ability to develop a diverse assortment of flavors and fragrances (Thomke 4). Clients from all over the world have different tastes that must be satisfied through the development of different varieties of flavors and fragrances. Different components must be mixed in varying concentrations to come up with a flavor that suits the needs of many a consumer. Even a single trace of elements is capable of delivering unrivalled difference (Thomke 4). Government rules and regulations Many countries have rules and regulations that govern flavor production processes and such regulations are specified in particular constitutions of the country in question. For instance, the Food and Drug Administration act provides rules and regulations to govern flavor production activities throughout the United States. Further, in some regions, it is a necessity to register all samples with the government to enable the process of ascertaining the safety of ingredients used in the flavor development process. The art of producing unique and innovative flavors entails a combination more than one ingredient through complex processes. These processes ought to be compliant with the rules and regulations governing production processes in such regions. People Flavorists play a critical role, in terms of creativity and imagination, to the process of blending ingredients. These individuals commit their creativity and innovative capabilities in the development and recreation of flavors through their creativities (Thomke 5). Additionally, flavorists hold accumulated experience that took time and resources to realize. The flavor and fragrance industry is also characterized by a shortage of flavorists given that the entire career of flavorists is risky in itself. This is partly due to the need to study and train for several years before ones’ fate can be determined and as well the increased cases of flavor rejection. The flavor making process is a subject to the development of substandard flavors due to low accuracy levels and poor formulae of mixing ingredients. Higher customer expectations also influence the flavor generation process. Research and Development Although the idea to develop particular flavors might be based on ideas from customers, majority of work in the flavor development process is obtained from research and development laboratories. The flavor producing company has to undertake research initiatives to test and design the flavors according to the parameters provided by the customer. Research and development expenses are footed by the flavor producing company and hence, the companies to should put in more efforts to ensure that research and development costs are reduced and higher profits margins are registered (Thomke 6). Technology Advancement in technology has facilitated the process of process on analyzing within the shortest period. Technologies have also made it easier to reveal chemical formulations and gather data for relating to production costs. The incorporation of technologies in flavor producing processes at Bush Boake Allen calls for the change of the business model. Technologies would make it possible to do away with tedious and complex flavor producing processes related to dispensing, measuring ingredients and assortments, and mixing different fragrances and batches to obtain the desired flavor. Equally important, the majority of production processes can be automated. It is through technology that the need to include customer in flavor development processes whereby they will be involved in the development process in different stages. The internet-based technology will enable the company to manage raw ingredient inventory (Thomke 7). Competition The fragrance and flavor industry is very volatile due to the presence of more than 300 competitors in the industry. For instance, the International Flavors and Fragrance (IFF) from the US and Givaudan Roure from Switzerland are among the top competitors to Bush Boake Allen. The top nine companies control three-quarters of the market share of the industry. However, growth rates and market shares varied depending on the operating regions. This is evidenced by the ability of Bush Boake Allen to control substantial share in the Indian market due to capitalization of relationships that had already been developed during the British colonial times. Competition of flavor manufacturing industries in most markets is also dependent on a company’s ability to study and understand the needs, tastes, and preferences of the people, and instituting measures that facilitate the development of varied flavors and fragrances. Customer Reactions The success of technologies and fragrances in the market depend reactions from the customers within the industry. Flavors are developed depending on the needs and ideas of consumers and hence, all flavor-developing processes should consider the views and expressions of customers (Thomke 8). Concerning the Project Mercury initiative at Bush Boake Allen, majority of enthusiast customers who got the opportunity to visit the facility became very delighted. However, it is not yet clear whether customers will be willing to pay for utilizing the facility given that the Project Mercury Technology involves huge costs of installation. Project Mercury Technology Objectives Before Bush Boake Allen can implement the Project Mercury Technology that will involve customers in the flavor development process, it needs to address a few statement issues. The introduction and implementation of this technology should clarify these factors based on their contribution to the company. These issues cover different processes and operations within the company that include: Knowledge, innovation, and decision-making processes- will the new technology allow the company or customers to develop new products or will this initiative make customers to bring ideas that might affect the flavor production process negatively (Cairncross, Ch. 1). Similarly, assessment needs to be made to ascertain the extent with which the technology will be critical in shaping the entire innovation process (Cairncross, Ch. 2). Will the process of implementing the technology lead to knowledge accumulation? The community and corporate culture-given that Bush Boake Allen operates in an open culture, will the introduction of the technology affect this culture? This objective must be considered before the implementation of the project mercury technology (Cairncross, Ch. 5). Customers and brands customer relationships and reactions are fundamental factors in determining the competitive advantage within the industry. Will the new technology bring an impact to the nature of customer relationships or will it enable customers to expand their relationships as soon as the technology operates (Cairncross, Ch. 3). With regard to the company’s brand, can the Project Mercury Technology strengthen the brand of Bush Boake Allen? Will the technology bring threats or opportunities to the BBA brand? Purchasing and corporate suppliers supplier and customer relationships are essential for the flavor development process at BBA and hence, it is essential to consider the effects that might face BBA as a major supplier to its customers, and as well the role of the company as a purchaser from its suppliers (Cairncross, Ch. 6). Recruiting, retaining, or training users – it is highly likely that the implementation of the Project Mercury Technology will bring an impact to the staffing activities of BBA. For instance, it is essential to consider whether the new technology will make it easy or difficult to retain key personnel such as flavorists (Cairncross, Ch. 6). Other things that must be considered are incentives that can be designed to encourage personnel to utilize the Project Mercury Technology and at the same time, enable Bush Boake Allen to recruit or retain the most essential personnel. Equally important is the assessment of whether the Project Mercury Technology can be used as an essential tool in training key individuals within the company. Leadership and management processes Majority of flavorists at Bush Boake Allen are virtuosi who are independent in their innovative strategies. Flavorists are often difficult to manage and hence, the Project Mercury Technology might bring different challenges with regard to their management. It is also evident that other senior executive members are opposed to the introduction of the new technology. To resolve these cases, top management officials need to identify ways of resolving this issue. What actions will BBA take to ensure that all personnel involved in management processes adopt agree to the Project Mercury Technology. Individuals that must participate in the decision making process to discuss matters concerning the deployment of the Project Mercury Technology (Cairncross, Ch. 9). Corporate Structure – since the Project Mercury Technology involves customers in the flavor development process, it likely that customers will be granted with more power and control on matters regarding flavor development processes. Is there likelihood that the new technology will affect the corporate structure? How will issues relating to intellectual property rights handled given that customers will be involved in the development of products and flavors? Will patents affect development processes (Cairncross, Ch. 8)? Traditionally, Bush Boake Allen depended on trade secrets and trusts to enhance its competitive advantage other than depending on patents. Will the implementation of the technology affect this strategic capability? Lastly, will the implementation of the technology affect the decentralized corporate structure? Will it lead to the adoption of a centralized corporate structure? Available Options to address the above objectives Bush Boake Allen can find solutions to the objectives identified above through the implementation different options depending on the nature of the objective. Solutions should be designed to address the prevailing concepts within individual objectives. The following are possible options that can be undertaken by Bush Boake Allen. Management, Innovation, Knowledge, Information and Technology, Decision Making The implementation of the project mercury technology identified the above factors as the essential factors that must be allocated significant consideration. Bush Boake Allen is an established company comprising of people and values and hence, its strategic capabilities lies in innovative ideas and knowledge. At this moment before the implementation of the Project Mercury Technology, it is crucial that the company involves intelligent individuals to communicate information, manage decision making processes, and set central standards to facilitate the knowledge management process1. Such processes will enable the BBA to assess the situation and maximize the value of knowledge and ideas from customers and employees. Community and Corporate Culture Since the implementation of Project Mercury Technology might have an influence on the BBA’s corporate culture; it is advisable that BBA devise measures that will ensure customer’s participation in the development process does not have a direct influence on major processes within the company. This setting limits and specifying their contributions to ideas related to the flavor development process. BBA should organize and shape its corporate culture to match the aspects presented by the implementation of this technology. Customers and Brands regarding this matter, BBA should not only concentrate in development processes that involve the identification of new markets but instead, it should consider the development and implementation of strategies that seek to strengthen the prevailing relationships with customers and suppliers. Internet-based technologies should be used to communicate information to customers and purchasers. This will be critical in creating a memorable brand within the company. Staffing Requirements on matters regarding recruitment, retaining, and training of employees, BBA should consider finding the best personnel to manage objectives presented with the use of the technology. BBA can train or educate employees on emerging trends to ensure that their skills remain up-to-date. Purchasing and Suppliers – Since Internet Technologies have an effect of altering purchasing processes for most companies, the management of Bush Boake Allen has the option of developing clear and open relationships that will enable buyers and suppliers to gain extraordinary access to the flavor producing database and other integrated operations. BBA can also consider the development of a user-friendly technological kit for its customers to enhance their flexibility in the production process. Leadership and Management – BBA has the option of protecting the responsibilities of Flavorists and other personnel who are virtuosi must be recognized and their duties, responsibilities and ideas differentiated from those of the customers. BBA should also consider holder an executive meeting whereby all members of the executive board can reach a consensus and agree on the way forward for Project Mercury Technology. Corporate Structure and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)- BBA has the option of changing the traditional decentralized corporate structure because customers are now involved in the flavor development process. Trade secrets will no longer play a key role in development processes but rather patents should be used to protect ideas and innovations. Speaking of patents, Bush Boake Allen owns the Internet-based technology and hence, it should specify that all innovations that can be patented belong to the company. It might be critical to acknowledge the contributions of the involved customers and award them incentives that should be discussed within the company and the affected customers. Evaluation of options Involving Knowledgeable Personnel in Management and Information Sharing The evaluation of options available for this objective will be dependent on the quality of the idea concerning the contribution of that idea in the flavor production process. First, the idea or ideas from customers or should be sampled efficiently and effectively to ascertain their viability or feasibility. This process should be undertaken by knowledgeable individuals who are selected on merit and experience basis. Second, the idea will be assessed to ascertain any negative or positive values that might arise with the implementation of the idea. Third, information should be shared among the executive management to determine the effects they might bring to virtuosi who are influential in the flavor development processes within BBA. Fourth, the effects of the idea will be ascertained to determine it contributions to the knowledge sharing process within the organization. Last, knowledgeable personnel will make the necessary decisions concerning the contribution of the idea into the int ernet-based technology of the flavor generation process. In turn, the knowledgeable individuals should provide a report regarding the knowledge sharing process. Management and Leadership The executive management and other senior officials should call an executive meeting that involves CEOs from all regions to discuss the issue of the implementation of the Project Mercury Technology. This will enable the executive management to iron out issues involving opposition with the implementation of the internet-based technology. Voting should be used to obtain to enable them reach a consensus. Still on management issues, the responsibilities and duties of flavorists should be discussed in the executive meeting. This should be done to prevent to erosion of their skills and talents. Implementation of Measures to govern the corporate culture and Community The participation of customers in the flavor development process is likely to affect the development process. Measures should be put in place to prevent customers having a direct influence on the flavor development process. Limits should be placed with the extent of their contributions in the process. The evaluation process followed in the implementation of such measures will be based on the benefits that will be derived from the ideas. Strengthen Relationships between brands and customers This will involve the identification of existing relationships among customers and integrate internet related measures that will strengthen or enhance relationships. Once the relations are identified, the Project Mercury Technology can be designed to incorporate flexibilities that will facilitate flexibility and user friendliness with customers. Speaking of the BBA brand, the internet-based technology should be tooled, and redesigned with information features to enhance the information sharing process among consumers and as such, it will lead to the creation of a memorable brand. Training and educating users The implementation of the internet-based technological project will mean that employees will need to update their skills and application. The management of the entire project also needs knowledgeable individuals. In light of this needs, flavorists and customers with feasible ideas should be trained to facilitate their understanding of the framework and as well to improve their contributions in the flavor generation process. Equally important would be the need to use merit in the process of selecting talented individuals to manage the entire internet based technological platform. Developing open relationships with buyers and suppliers These individuals will be largely involved in the flavor development process and hence, it would be advisable to design the technology to fit their needs. This process will involve the development of a user-friendly technology for them, increasing the flexibility of their contribution to the flavor development process, conducting a careful selection of customers and suppliers who will be selected to utilize the internet based technology. Others measures that will be implemented to enhance this process include rapid and continuous evolvement of the technology to satisfy the needs and requirements of customers, and teaching them to adopt BBA’s new business model. Changing the corporate structure and management of Intellectual Property Rights The change from the traditional corporate structure to a new corporate structure will be critical during the adoption of the new technological platform of flavor development. The change of the corporate structure will be a decision that will involve members of the management executive who will in turn communicate the changes to other employees within the organization. On matters regarding Intellectual Property Rights, legal advice can be sought from the legal authorities regarding the manner with which the situation should be handled and/or managed. Recommendations for the Bush Boake Allen After assessment and evaluation of critical factors determining the feasibility and implementation of the internet-based flavor development process at Bush Boake Allen, the following recommendations can be offered: The situational analysis revealed the need for implementing strategic decisions and process following the integration of the internet-based â€Å"Project Mercury† flavor development process. Trade secrets, the people, creativity and innovation, and technological advancement were all found to be strategic factors in development initiatives for the project. First, Bush Boake Allen should consider strengthening its information sharing, innovation, and decision-making process by hiring knowledgeable individuals to manage operations that fall under this segment. These individuals would oversee the idea generation and incorporation process into the flavor development process and make critical decisions regarding how the ideas and relationships should be incorporated into the Project Mercury Technology process Second, BBA should allocate resources into strengthening its management structure to ensure that all individuals with authority or those who hold significant powers agree in unison on developmental projects within the organization. Third, BBA should implement measures that implementation of measures to govern the corporate culture and community. This will entail putting measures in place to determine the extent with which contributions from suppliers and customers will bring an impact on operational processes within the organization. Specific rules and guidelines should be implemented to limit the effects of contributions and ideas of customers in the flavor development process. Fourth, relationships between BBA’s brands and customers the customers should be strengthened through communicating new developmental initiatives with the respective customers. Improved communications has an effect of creating a memorable brand in the minds of customers. Fifth, BBA should consider training and/or educating users of the new technology to facilitate the use of the technology in developmental processes within the organization. Users such as flavorists and customers with feasible ideas should be trained to facilitate their understanding of the framework and as well to improve their contributions in the flavor generation process. These individuals will also get a chance to update their skills and talents. Sixth, BBA should encourage the process of developing open relationships between buyers and suppliers. This process can be realized through the development of a user-friendly technology for them, increasing the flexibility of their contribution to the flavor development process, conducting a careful selection of customers and suppliers who will be selected to utilize the internet based technology. Additionally, their contributions can be enhanced by implementing measures such as rapid and continuous evolvement of the technology to satisfy the needs and requirements of customers, and teaching them to adopt BBA’s new business model. Finally yet import, Bush Boake Allen should change its corporate structure to suit the needs of the new business model. The new business model is not based on trade secret but rather it depends on patents due to the involvement of customers in the flavor development process. This measure will be

Essay on Microsoft-Intuit Synergy Case Report - 748 Words

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Suffering From Advanced Dementia Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(172) " unwilling participant but it should be noted that normally used engineering, such as CCTV, besides compromises privateness and is pattern in most establishments \( 7 \) \." Dementia is defined as a aggregation of symptoms that include decreased rational operation that interferes with normal life maps and there are presently over 600,000 persons populating with dementedness in the UK ( 2 ) . There are several types of dementedness and diagnosing is a complex procedure depending upon specific, chief symptoms, the order they present and how they progress over clip ( 3 ) ( Table 1 ) . As the disease progresses to the ulterior phases, it is known as advanced dementedness ( AD ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Suffering From Advanced Dementia Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Wandering is an inauspicious behavioral trait in about 60 % of dementedness sick persons ( 4,5 ) , with about 50 % of instances ensuing in persons going physically harmed, losing or deceasing ( 2,5,6 ) . Rolling is one of the primary concerns of dementedness sick persons, carers, medical professionals and their relations ( 7,8 ) and can set an AD person into an institutional scene prematurely ( 6 ) . AD sick persons wander for grounds they may happen difficult to explicate to others and it may be a pick, non merely a symptom of dementedness ( 8 ) ( Table 2 ) . Table 2 – Causes of Wandering in Individuals enduring from AD and the Reasons and Preventative Actions ( 9 ) Some Potential Causes of Rolling Reasons Preventive Actions Medication ( for depression, wakefulness and anxiousness ) Side effects can do confusion, irregularity urinary piece of land infections and agitation. Regularly review medicine. Ensure lavatories are identifiable. Insomnia Confusion over clip of twenty-four hours. Worrying about something ( future or past ) Treatment for insomnia. Discuss any concerns with patient to set their head at easiness Use relaxation techniques. Pain Rolling may supply reprieve from hurting. Persons may be looking for hurting alleviation medicine. May be unable to pass on about their hurting. Regularly discuss and reexamine hurting direction with persons particularly when they have good cognitive ability. Pain may non be a seeable hurt. Hunger / Thirst Persons may roll looking for nutrient / H2O. Ensure persons on a regular basis eat and imbibe as AD persons frequently forget to eat and imbibe. Distress Persons may experience fed up and unmotivated and wander to happen stimulation. Persons may experience they have a undertaking to make. May experience stressed about being in a secure room and demand to ‘escape ‘ . Ensure persons are encouraged to interact with other persons and motivated when they are mentally able. Allow patients to hold boundaries for rolling. Allow persons to discourse their life before AD. Use of Electronic Tagging In the early phases of the dementedness, persons have the ability to inquire for aid if they become lost when rolling but as the disease progresses and confusion additions, this is non the instance ( 5 ) . Electronic tagging ( ET ) is a signifier of surveillance and could be used with AD persons who are regarded as ‘at hazard ‘ when embarking out-of-doorss independently ( 9 ) . ET can be used in two ways: a wireless frequence signal which is used as portion of a tracker system to find the location of the ‘wanderer ‘ utilizing a manus held device or as an contraption which sets off a boundary dismay when a specified threshold is crossed ( 7 ) . The systems can be used in concurrence ( 10 ) . Tags can be discreet and wristbands are normally the labeling device of pick ( 7,10 ) , although senders which attach to apparels are available ( 11 ) . The usage of ET in dementedness has been an ongoing argument for many old ages ( 10 ) and can look to be a simple reversible argument: the wellbeing and protection of the dementedness sick person versus the violation of their human rights and privateness, but it is a more complex issue ( 7 ) . Key Ethical Aspects Justice Many persons with AD want to keep an independent life style for a long as possible but this may non be executable without supervising and security. ET can let AD persons freedom with less limitations ( 7,10 ) , which can soothe carers and relations ( 7 ) . It can besides convey comfort to the single knowing that they can be easy located if they become astray ( 5 ) , nevertheless, AD persons must to the full understand that some electronic tickets are non easy removable, even if they becomes annoying and troublesome ( 12 ) . ET may dehumanize and degrade AD persons ( 8,10 ) and has the stigma of being compared to felons or animate beings ( 12 ) . AD persons could stop up being treated ‘as objects ‘ instead than people. Additionally, as the aging population additions and, hence persons diagnosed with dementedness, institutes and carers may neglect to present good attention ( 10 ) . This is because decreased staff: patient ratio in attention places and the demand for households to work, may take to ET being used as a replacement for attention alternatively of as a support tool ( 13 ) . Technology should ne’er be a replacing for human attention and compassion ( 9 ) . Ad sick persons are capable to personality alterations and a antecedently sort, caring individual can go violent and aggressive as the dementedness progresses. This must be remembered when an person is allowed to roll independently ( 4 ) as indefensible verbal or physical onslaughts may happen on members of the populace. More frequently than non, AD persons can acquire lost, sometimes in assorted phases of undress which is undignified. ET may assist forestall this ( 7 ) , nevertheless, baffled persons may non desire to return to their topographic point of abode and coercing them to make so can do them distraught ( 9 ) . Autonomy The chief concerns environing the usage of ET are consent, privateness and freedom. The Human Rights Act 1998 states that â€Å" everyone has the right to esteem for his private and household life, his place and his correspondence † ( 14 ) every bit good as the â€Å" right to liberty and security † ( 15 ) . Families and carers tend to be centred on the safety of the person and non the violation of privateness ( 10 ) and some critics have stated that the concern over invasion of privateness is merely an issue if the person has something to conceal. This is non a good plenty ground to implement ET upon an unwilling participant but it should be noted that normally used engineering, such as CCTV, besides compromises privateness and is pattern in most establishments ( 7 ) . You read "Suffering From Advanced Dementia Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" AD persons should non experience coerced into ET out of sense of responsibility to their carers and p ath for independency. ET should besides non be enforced merely because it may be a routinely used pattern in their attention place ( 12 ) . This is a future concern as ET may be used as a ‘treatment ‘ by medical professionals for persons in infirmaries under the Mental Health ( Care and Treatment ) ( Scotland ) Act 2003 ( 9 ) . This would get rid of the patients ‘ freedom of pick. While a individual enduring from dementedness still has rational capableness, they have the right to make up one’s mind whether to take part in ET. This determination can be made in progress of losing rational capacity ( 4 ) . A instance survey in France by Faucounau et Al, 2009 demonstrated that AD persons who still have some cognitive ability favoured the usage of electronic tagging ( 16 ) . Consent for ET should ever be obtained prior to utilize, from the person or their power of lawyer ( 5 ) and must be reviewed at on a regular basis as people have the right to alter their head ( 12 ) . It must besides be remembered that cognitive ability can change daily and even though an AD person has antecedently had the capableness to make up one’s mind to utilize ET ( 9 ) , there would be no point in leting person, who is holding an highly baffled twenty-four hours, to roll entirely. If they are deemed non to be in the right head frame, they should still be able to go forth th eir premises but with equal supervising from a care-giver. Options to ET include utilizing unafraid suites, picture surveillance, restraints and medicine ( 5,7 ) , which can hold inauspicious effects ( 2 ) ( Table 2 ) . Subjective barriers can besides be used in which the doors are concealed behind mirrors or drapes but this can take to psychosocial torment ( 7 ) . ET appears to be one of the least restrictive methods of keeping an AD patient. Engagement in ET can non lie with the AD patient entirely if they live with partners or other relations. The co-operation and age of the ET locater users must besides be considered. Family members may be aged and happen utilizing the locater hard without sufficient preparation and pattern. Locator devices require the usage of a nomadic phone/computer and internet entree and most participants are acute and willing to larn this new engineering ( 16 ) . Wellbeing General wellness and well-being can be improved with physical exercising and ‘wandering ‘ could be classed as a physical activity ( 9 ) . Leting AD patients to roll does hold hazards but deficiency of exercising can besides be damaging ( weakening of castanetss, hapless musculuss mass and impaired balance ) ( 17 ) . ET can ease independent physical activity and better quality of life ( 7 ) by leting longer independent life. Boundary systems would alarm carers to an single go forthing a designated country but would non halt them from making so or prevent injury. This is why it should be used in concurrence with a tracker system ( 9 ) . ET besides can non state you what the person is making when they wander ( 8 ) . Boundary dismaies may be utile in a infirmary environment when dementedness patients are admitted ( for a non-physical ground ) . There may non be equal staff Numberss in a ward or clip to adequately supervise rolling patients and boundary dismaies can halt patients go forthing their topographic point of safety. However in this scene, the patients self-respect may be affected as triping the dismaies could be mortifying and persons may experience like a load on staff ( 9 ) . Another job country lies in the industry and dependability of electronic tickets in built up countries ( 10 ) . Devicess are besides battery operated and are rendered useless if the batteries run out ( 12 ) . This shows that the usage of ET to protect from injury is null ( 10 ) . Policy / Practice / Regulatory Frameworks There are no current Torahs or statute laws refering the specific usage of ET ( 5 ) , nevertheless, the Mental Health Act 1983 includes consent to intervention ( 18 ) . ET can be thought of as a signifier of intervention, assisting AD persons maintain independency and public assistance. Section 58 of the Mental Health Act states that â€Å" a patient shall non be given any signifier of intervention†¦ †¦ unless he has consented to that intervention † and subdivision 60 declares â€Å" where the consent of the patient to any intervention has been given†¦ †¦ .at any clip before the completion of the intervention retreat his consent † . This should protect the AD single whilst ET is regarded as an optional tool for dementedness but the likeliness is that it may go compulsory, particularly in hospital scenes, in which instance subdivision 63 ( intervention non necessitating consent ) of the Mental Health Act could use. This would let physicians to implement ET if it is thought to forestall impairment and better the dementedness symptoms ( 18 ) . As a consequence, specific statute laws and protocols need to be introduced ( 5 ) to protect all stakeholders. Decision ET appears to hold the right balance between safekeeping of an AD person and independent freedom ( 13 ) when used in the right scenes and helps ease the concern of rolling jobs for relations, carers and medical professionals. Early surveies have shown positive consequences and attitudes from participants ( 19,20 ) . Nevertheless, ET should non be an alternate to staff supervising in establishments ( 12 ) as a diminution in personal contact, supervising and attention can cut down quality of life ( 4,5 ) . In add-on, ET should non be a replacement for understanding the patients need to roll ( 7 ) . There have been several successful surveies including the ‘Safe Walking ‘ strategy in Edinburgh which used ET to supervise the motions of aged patients. Early studies from this survey stated that the participants ‘ households feel that it prevented their relations from traveling into attention and allowed them to populate independently for longer ( 19 ) . Additionally, a survey in Spain used ET to turn up lost Alzheimer sick persons. Alert signals were raised when the persons strayed outdoors defined boundaries and besides activated by the constabulary control Centre if the person became lost ( 20 ) . Due to the success of the survey, ET is now used routinely across Spain for Alzheimer ‘s patients ( 9 ) . Future considerations should include the cost deductions of ET. Who should pay for ET – NHS or in private funded? Can the authorities warrant the cost deductions of buying ET systems for each person with AD who wants to stay living independently at place? Is the cost of ET cheaper than the cost of infirmary admittances due to harm obtained due to rolling? Are options cheaper such as tranquilising medicines to forestall roving? Could the cost of ET increase the cost of an person in a attention place? All these inquiries need to be answered before ET can be to the full implemented into society. How to cite Suffering From Advanced Dementia Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Suffering From Advanced Dementia Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(172) " unwilling participant but it should be noted that normally used engineering, such as CCTV, besides compromises privateness and is pattern in most establishments \( 7 \) \." Dementia is defined as a aggregation of symptoms that include decreased rational operation that interferes with normal life maps and there are presently over 600,000 persons populating with dementedness in the UK ( 2 ) . There are several types of dementedness and diagnosing is a complex procedure depending upon specific, chief symptoms, the order they present and how they progress over clip ( 3 ) ( Table 1 ) . As the disease progresses to the ulterior phases, it is known as advanced dementedness ( AD ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Suffering From Advanced Dementia Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Wandering is an inauspicious behavioral trait in about 60 % of dementedness sick persons ( 4,5 ) , with about 50 % of instances ensuing in persons going physically harmed, losing or deceasing ( 2,5,6 ) . Rolling is one of the primary concerns of dementedness sick persons, carers, medical professionals and their relations ( 7,8 ) and can set an AD person into an institutional scene prematurely ( 6 ) . AD sick persons wander for grounds they may happen difficult to explicate to others and it may be a pick, non merely a symptom of dementedness ( 8 ) ( Table 2 ) . Table 2 – Causes of Wandering in Individuals enduring from AD and the Reasons and Preventative Actions ( 9 ) Some Potential Causes of Rolling Reasons Preventive Actions Medication ( for depression, wakefulness and anxiousness ) Side effects can do confusion, irregularity urinary piece of land infections and agitation. Regularly review medicine. Ensure lavatories are identifiable. Insomnia Confusion over clip of twenty-four hours. Worrying about something ( future or past ) Treatment for insomnia. Discuss any concerns with patient to set their head at easiness Use relaxation techniques. Pain Rolling may supply reprieve from hurting. Persons may be looking for hurting alleviation medicine. May be unable to pass on about their hurting. Regularly discuss and reexamine hurting direction with persons particularly when they have good cognitive ability. Pain may non be a seeable hurt. Hunger / Thirst Persons may roll looking for nutrient / H2O. Ensure persons on a regular basis eat and imbibe as AD persons frequently forget to eat and imbibe. Distress Persons may experience fed up and unmotivated and wander to happen stimulation. Persons may experience they have a undertaking to make. May experience stressed about being in a secure room and demand to ‘escape ‘ . Ensure persons are encouraged to interact with other persons and motivated when they are mentally able. Allow patients to hold boundaries for rolling. Allow persons to discourse their life before AD. Use of Electronic Tagging In the early phases of the dementedness, persons have the ability to inquire for aid if they become lost when rolling but as the disease progresses and confusion additions, this is non the instance ( 5 ) . Electronic tagging ( ET ) is a signifier of surveillance and could be used with AD persons who are regarded as ‘at hazard ‘ when embarking out-of-doorss independently ( 9 ) . ET can be used in two ways: a wireless frequence signal which is used as portion of a tracker system to find the location of the ‘wanderer ‘ utilizing a manus held device or as an contraption which sets off a boundary dismay when a specified threshold is crossed ( 7 ) . The systems can be used in concurrence ( 10 ) . Tags can be discreet and wristbands are normally the labeling device of pick ( 7,10 ) , although senders which attach to apparels are available ( 11 ) . The usage of ET in dementedness has been an ongoing argument for many old ages ( 10 ) and can look to be a simple reversible argument: the wellbeing and protection of the dementedness sick person versus the violation of their human rights and privateness, but it is a more complex issue ( 7 ) . Key Ethical Aspects Justice Many persons with AD want to keep an independent life style for a long as possible but this may non be executable without supervising and security. ET can let AD persons freedom with less limitations ( 7,10 ) , which can soothe carers and relations ( 7 ) . It can besides convey comfort to the single knowing that they can be easy located if they become astray ( 5 ) , nevertheless, AD persons must to the full understand that some electronic tickets are non easy removable, even if they becomes annoying and troublesome ( 12 ) . ET may dehumanize and degrade AD persons ( 8,10 ) and has the stigma of being compared to felons or animate beings ( 12 ) . AD persons could stop up being treated ‘as objects ‘ instead than people. Additionally, as the aging population additions and, hence persons diagnosed with dementedness, institutes and carers may neglect to present good attention ( 10 ) . This is because decreased staff: patient ratio in attention places and the demand for households to work, may take to ET being used as a replacement for attention alternatively of as a support tool ( 13 ) . Technology should ne’er be a replacing for human attention and compassion ( 9 ) . Ad sick persons are capable to personality alterations and a antecedently sort, caring individual can go violent and aggressive as the dementedness progresses. This must be remembered when an person is allowed to roll independently ( 4 ) as indefensible verbal or physical onslaughts may happen on members of the populace. More frequently than non, AD persons can acquire lost, sometimes in assorted phases of undress which is undignified. ET may assist forestall this ( 7 ) , nevertheless, baffled persons may non desire to return to their topographic point of abode and coercing them to make so can do them distraught ( 9 ) . Autonomy The chief concerns environing the usage of ET are consent, privateness and freedom. The Human Rights Act 1998 states that â€Å" everyone has the right to esteem for his private and household life, his place and his correspondence † ( 14 ) every bit good as the â€Å" right to liberty and security † ( 15 ) . Families and carers tend to be centred on the safety of the person and non the violation of privateness ( 10 ) and some critics have stated that the concern over invasion of privateness is merely an issue if the person has something to conceal. This is non a good plenty ground to implement ET upon an unwilling participant but it should be noted that normally used engineering, such as CCTV, besides compromises privateness and is pattern in most establishments ( 7 ) . You read "Suffering From Advanced Dementia Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" AD persons should non experience coerced into ET out of sense of responsibility to their carers and p ath for independency. ET should besides non be enforced merely because it may be a routinely used pattern in their attention place ( 12 ) . This is a future concern as ET may be used as a ‘treatment ‘ by medical professionals for persons in infirmaries under the Mental Health ( Care and Treatment ) ( Scotland ) Act 2003 ( 9 ) . This would get rid of the patients ‘ freedom of pick. While a individual enduring from dementedness still has rational capableness, they have the right to make up one’s mind whether to take part in ET. This determination can be made in progress of losing rational capacity ( 4 ) . A instance survey in France by Faucounau et Al, 2009 demonstrated that AD persons who still have some cognitive ability favoured the usage of electronic tagging ( 16 ) . Consent for ET should ever be obtained prior to utilize, from the person or their power of lawyer ( 5 ) and must be reviewed at on a regular basis as people have the right to alter their head ( 12 ) . It must besides be remembered that cognitive ability can change daily and even though an AD person has antecedently had the capableness to make up one’s mind to utilize ET ( 9 ) , there would be no point in leting person, who is holding an highly baffled twenty-four hours, to roll entirely. If they are deemed non to be in the right head frame, they should still be able to go forth th eir premises but with equal supervising from a care-giver. Options to ET include utilizing unafraid suites, picture surveillance, restraints and medicine ( 5,7 ) , which can hold inauspicious effects ( 2 ) ( Table 2 ) . Subjective barriers can besides be used in which the doors are concealed behind mirrors or drapes but this can take to psychosocial torment ( 7 ) . ET appears to be one of the least restrictive methods of keeping an AD patient. Engagement in ET can non lie with the AD patient entirely if they live with partners or other relations. The co-operation and age of the ET locater users must besides be considered. Family members may be aged and happen utilizing the locater hard without sufficient preparation and pattern. Locator devices require the usage of a nomadic phone/computer and internet entree and most participants are acute and willing to larn this new engineering ( 16 ) . Wellbeing General wellness and well-being can be improved with physical exercising and ‘wandering ‘ could be classed as a physical activity ( 9 ) . Leting AD patients to roll does hold hazards but deficiency of exercising can besides be damaging ( weakening of castanetss, hapless musculuss mass and impaired balance ) ( 17 ) . ET can ease independent physical activity and better quality of life ( 7 ) by leting longer independent life. Boundary systems would alarm carers to an single go forthing a designated country but would non halt them from making so or prevent injury. This is why it should be used in concurrence with a tracker system ( 9 ) . ET besides can non state you what the person is making when they wander ( 8 ) . Boundary dismaies may be utile in a infirmary environment when dementedness patients are admitted ( for a non-physical ground ) . There may non be equal staff Numberss in a ward or clip to adequately supervise rolling patients and boundary dismaies can halt patients go forthing their topographic point of safety. However in this scene, the patients self-respect may be affected as triping the dismaies could be mortifying and persons may experience like a load on staff ( 9 ) . Another job country lies in the industry and dependability of electronic tickets in built up countries ( 10 ) . Devicess are besides battery operated and are rendered useless if the batteries run out ( 12 ) . This shows that the usage of ET to protect from injury is null ( 10 ) . Policy / Practice / Regulatory Frameworks There are no current Torahs or statute laws refering the specific usage of ET ( 5 ) , nevertheless, the Mental Health Act 1983 includes consent to intervention ( 18 ) . ET can be thought of as a signifier of intervention, assisting AD persons maintain independency and public assistance. Section 58 of the Mental Health Act states that â€Å" a patient shall non be given any signifier of intervention†¦ †¦ unless he has consented to that intervention † and subdivision 60 declares â€Å" where the consent of the patient to any intervention has been given†¦ †¦ .at any clip before the completion of the intervention retreat his consent † . This should protect the AD single whilst ET is regarded as an optional tool for dementedness but the likeliness is that it may go compulsory, particularly in hospital scenes, in which instance subdivision 63 ( intervention non necessitating consent ) of the Mental Health Act could use. This would let physicians to implement ET if it is thought to forestall impairment and better the dementedness symptoms ( 18 ) . As a consequence, specific statute laws and protocols need to be introduced ( 5 ) to protect all stakeholders. Decision ET appears to hold the right balance between safekeeping of an AD person and independent freedom ( 13 ) when used in the right scenes and helps ease the concern of rolling jobs for relations, carers and medical professionals. Early surveies have shown positive consequences and attitudes from participants ( 19,20 ) . Nevertheless, ET should non be an alternate to staff supervising in establishments ( 12 ) as a diminution in personal contact, supervising and attention can cut down quality of life ( 4,5 ) . In add-on, ET should non be a replacement for understanding the patients need to roll ( 7 ) . There have been several successful surveies including the ‘Safe Walking ‘ strategy in Edinburgh which used ET to supervise the motions of aged patients. Early studies from this survey stated that the participants ‘ households feel that it prevented their relations from traveling into attention and allowed them to populate independently for longer ( 19 ) . Additionally, a survey in Spain used ET to turn up lost Alzheimer sick persons. Alert signals were raised when the persons strayed outdoors defined boundaries and besides activated by the constabulary control Centre if the person became lost ( 20 ) . Due to the success of the survey, ET is now used routinely across Spain for Alzheimer ‘s patients ( 9 ) . Future considerations should include the cost deductions of ET. Who should pay for ET – NHS or in private funded? Can the authorities warrant the cost deductions of buying ET systems for each person with AD who wants to stay living independently at place? Is the cost of ET cheaper than the cost of infirmary admittances due to harm obtained due to rolling? Are options cheaper such as tranquilising medicines to forestall roving? Could the cost of ET increase the cost of an person in a attention place? All these inquiries need to be answered before ET can be to the full implemented into society. How to cite Suffering From Advanced Dementia Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Crafting A Policy That Fits Process Auditorâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Crafting A Policy That Fits Process Auditor? Answer: Introducation (a): According to accounting standards or guidelines in auditing standards, the auditor should not involve in any internal practices or services of the client or business organisation. According to auditing standard, the auditor is required to provide auditing services and consultancy services only and there shall be no link between auditor and client (business organisation). In this case, Thornleigh Accountants (accounting / auditing firm) has supplied one of their staff members i.e. Ellen Davis to Jenkins Ltd (clients firm) and she had prepared accounts for 4 months. Now, she has to review his own work as an auditor, therefore this is the case of self-review thread to auditor independence (Abdul, et. al, 2015). Self-review threat denotes the situation where the auditor is required to give assurance of clients financial statements, which is prepared by any staff member of an accounting firm or by the auditor. Safeguard against such a satiation is to minimise non audit service to cli ent and if provided then client will be responsible for the same. (b): There is no auditing standard or guidelines on the same related to proof supplied by the client to auditing firm. Supplying proof of accounting treatment by the client company to the audit firm is treated as good practice and there is no offence in any way. In the present case, Winmalee Ltd (client organisation) has supplied annual accounts to the auditing firm (Dargin Associates Accountants) and along with this, they had supplied details taken from various accounting standards related to the optimistic valuation of development expenditure capitalised in intangible assets (Blay, 2005). Therefore there is no breach of auditors independence and no threat to independence will be applied. (c): According to auditing standards or guidelines on auditing standards, auditor and client shall not be involved in any friendly relationship or there shall not be any nexus between them. The auditor shall be free from any biases or should be independent in terms of stating his / her views on the financial position of the client or business organisation. In this case, Chocolate Company has invited auditor to the place where they sold defective chocolates at concessional prices. This can be the case of familiarity threat for auditor since auditor get familiar with the staff members or with auditors on such basis (Bolton, 2007). In the present case, this is the visit of the auditor is an indirect gift for auditor and audit staff and this can be treated as a familiar threat. In order to overcome this threat, education to auditors shall be provided related to nature of acceptance of gifts and how to handle this situation. (d): In any case, the scope of the audit shall not be reduced either by the auditor or by the business entity i.e. client. Reducing the scope of audit means reducing the quality of auditing standards, which is not acceptable according to guidelines. In this case, Expert Travel Company (Client Company) has been putting undue pressure on the auditors firm by stating them to be lenient while auditing. Expert Travel Company has been utilising services of same auditors firm from last two years and while finalising the next years auditors, managing director wants to auditors to adopt a flexible approach in the next years audit. In this case, there can be intimidation threat and self-interest threat from the auditors. Since audit partner is concern about losing a client (Cook, et. al, 2009). On the other hand, the client is outing undue pressure on auditors by saying that they should be flexible while auditing. (e): According to auditing standards and its guidelines, no auditor shall be connected to the clients organisation in any capacity. When this case it tends to happen, the auditor will not be able to conduct audit independence and he / she will get biased in his / her opinion. In the present case, Elmtree Ltd.s audit is about to begin, but it is noticed that senior member of an audit team or auditing firm (Elaine Ong) is engaged with a senior accountant (James Bing) of Elmtree Ltd. In this case, there can be familiarity threat to auditors independence. Since one of the audit team members has been associated with a senior accountant at clients company. In order to overcome this threat, procedures shall be laid down when auditing in such a case i.e. having a close relationship with the client (Dart and Chandler, 2012). (f): In order to prove there is close proximity between client organisation or client and auditor or auditing firm, there shall be conclusive proof of the same. In the present case, MCM Accountants, that are about to start an audit of Rangers Ltd, it is noticed that one of the senior auditors (Diane Polo) in the audit section is in same softball team in which senior accountant (Elise Lift) and several staff members are in. In this case, there is no close proximity between audit and clients organisation or there is no familiarity between them (Johari, Mohd?Sanusi and Chong, 2017). Therefore it can be concluded that in this case, there is no threat to independence for auditors. The annual report is the report that auditor submits to the business organisation i.e. to which financial statements were verified and financial position has been reviewed. The audit report is one of the important documents that are relied on in the decision-making process and at the time of reviewing business organisation by any stakeholders. The main aim of issuing an audit report by the auditors is to express their view on the true and fair view of financial statements and financial position of the business entity. But there is many other section or information in the audit report that auditor issues to the management of business organisation (Chen Pevzner, 2012). Following are some sections of the audit report of the financial statements of a public company: Title of independent audit report Statement for acknowledging the attached financial statements are audited Statements that states that financial statement preparation is the responsibility of management and auditors responsibility are to just express opinion on the same Statement that audit has been conducted by adopting and applying all the relevant and required auditing standards Statement that states that reasonable assurance has been obtained while auditing Statement stating that opinion has been made on the reasonable basis Most important section of the audit report is auditors opinion i.e. unqualified opinion, qualified opinion, adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion. Signature of auditor or auditors firm at the end of audit report City and State of the audit Date of audit report References Abdul Wahab, E.A., Mat Zain, M. Abdul Rahman, R., 2015. Political connections: a threat to auditor independence? Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 5(2), pp.222246. Blay, A.D., 2005. Independence Threats, Litigation Risk, and the Auditor's Decision Process*. Contemporary Accounting Research, 22(4), pp.759789. Bolton, L., 2007. Auditor Independence: what investors think. Accountancy, 140(1369), pp.9495. Chen, Krishnan Pevzner, 2012. Pro forma disclosures, audit fees, and auditor resignations. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 31(3), pp.237257. Cook, John K., Brown, Kevin F. Lightle, Susan S., 2009. Voluntary disclosure agreements and auditor independence: crafting a policy that fits the process.(practice management). The CPA Journal, 79(12), pp.6062,6466. Dart, E. Chandler, R., 2012. Client employment of previous auditors: shareholders views on auditor independence. Accounting and Business Research, pp.120. Johari, R.J., Mohd?Sanusi, Z. Chong, V.K., 2017. Effects of Auditors' Ethical Orientation and Self?Interest Independence Threat on the Mediating Role of Moral Intensity and Ethical Decision?Making Process. International Journal of Auditing, 21(1), pp.3858. Kipp, P. et al., 2017. The Effect of Expanded Audit Report Disclosures on Users' Confidence in the Audit and the Financial Statements. The Effect of Expanded Audit Report Disclosures on Users' Confidence in the Audit and the Financial Statements, pp.ProQuest Dissertations and Theses.